In July 2020, a coalition of African and German civil-society and faith groups published 'False Promises,' an evaluation of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) — an initiative co-founded by the Gates Foundation that had received more than $1 billion, mostly from Gates. AGRA had pledged to double yields and incomes for 30 million smallholder households and halve hunger by 2020. The report found that staple-crop yield gains were no faster than before AGRA, incomes had not doubled, and the number of undernourished people across AGRA's 13 focus countries had risen roughly 30%; it also noted AGRA had quietly deleted the 'double yields and incomes' goal from its website in 2020. AGRA disputed the methodology and defended its work, but the findings sharpened long-running criticism that Gates's seed-and-input model sidelines agroecology and favors agribusiness.